The Spanish dollar or silver peso worth eight reales was first introduced by the Magellan expedition of 1521 and brought in large quantities after the 1565 conquest of the Philippines by Miguel López de Legazpi. Spanish colonial period Silver columnario peso imported from Spanish America from 1726 to 1770 Spanish gold onza or 8 escudos coin imported from Spanish America and valued at 16 silver pesos Alternately, it could be from 10 and 5 céntimo coins of the Spanish peseta, known as the perra gorda and perra chica. Pera is thought to be from Malay perak (silver), which also has a direct cognate or adaptation in Tagalog/Filipino as pilak. Alternately, it could be from Arabic asrafi (a gold coin, see Persian ashrafi) or sarf (money, money exchange). Salapi is thought to be from isa (one) + rupya which would become lapia when adapted to Tagalog. Two native Tagalog words for money which survive today in Filipino were salapi and possibly pera. The original silver currency unit was the rupya or rupiah, brought over by trade with India and Indonesia. Gold, which was plentiful in many parts of the islands, invariably found its way into these objects that included the Piloncitos, small bead-like gold bits considered by the local numismatists as the earliest coin of the ancient peoples of the Philippines, and gold barter rings. The inconvenience of barter, however, later led to the use of some objects as a medium of exchange. The trade the pre-colonial tribes of what is now the Philippines did among themselves with its many types of pre-Hispanic kingdoms ( kedatuans, rajahnates, wangdoms, lakanates and sultanates) and with traders from the neighboring islands was conducted through barter. Pre-colonial coinage Piloncitos, a type of coin used by the pre-colonial peoples of the archipelago From the same Spanish peso or dollar is derived the various pesos of Spanish America, the dollars of the US and Hong Kong, as well as the Chinese yuan and the Japanese yen. The Philippine peso is derived from the Spanish peso or pieces of eight brought over in large quantities from Spanish America by the Manila galleons of the period from the 16th century to the 19th.
Main article: History of Philippine money
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